The Variola Virus: Steps to Infect the Human Body:

1. The Variola virus enters the human body through the respiratory tract. (Nose, Mouth, Lungs, etc.)

2. Once inside, the cell uses endocytosis to attach and enter a cell.

 3. The virus releases enzymes that allow itself to begin transcription and replication of itself without using any of the cell's organelles. (Transcription and Replication take place in the cytoplasm.)

4. This virus leaves the cell once it has been infected. However, the infected cell keeps reproducing until the cell bursts. This makes the cell's cycle border line between lytic and lysogenic

Special Features:

  • Viral proteins are translated and assembled in the cytoplasm which is a special feature because most DNA viruses translate in the nucleus
  •  During replication and translation the virus produces specialized proteins, specifically DNA dependent RNA polymerase.
 

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